Crate Training Concept
The idea behind crate training as a method of potty training for dogs goes back to wolf behavior. Dogs are closely related to wolves and share many similar traits. The assumption is that one of those traits is den behavior. Wolves live in specific areas known as their dens. For their own comfort and to mask their location, wolves do not go to the bathroom in their den area. The crate used for this type of training is meant to take the place of the den. When the dog recognizes the crate as the den, the dog will learn to hold its bathroom needs until the owner can let it go outside to an appropriate spot.
Getting the Crate
First, you need to choose an appropriate crate for your needs. The crate should be large enough so your dog can turn around, stand up and lie down. Do not get a crate larger than that. If the crate is too big, the dog may be able to use part of the area for a bathroom. If you don't want to purchase more than one crate to accommodate a growing puppy, you can purchase a full-size crate and dividers that allow you to limit the amount of space your dog has in the crate. As your dog gets bigger, some of the dividers can be removed. Both metal and plastic crates can be used for this purpose.
Acquainting the Dog to the Crate
Once you have the crate, you need to make sure your dog is comfortable in the crate. Depending on your dog, this can take a few days to a few weeks. The key is to be consistent and persistent. Place the crate in the main room of your home and leave it open. Place some of your dog's favorite treats inside the crate. When the dog goes in to retrieve the treats, praise it. Repeat several times. After you have completed this step a few times, begin closing the door of the crate once your dog enters. As long as your dog does not bark or fuss to get out, you can open the door after a short time. If the dog does make a fuss, do not open the door until it completely quiet downs. Continue this process until your dog seems comfortable with the crate's door closed.
Preparing to Leave the Dog in the Crate
Although your dog may be fine in the crate for a few minutes when you are present, crate training usually requires the dog to stay in the crate for hours at a time when no one is home. To prepare the dog for this step, keep practicing the steps above but add in short periods when you leave the room while the dog is in the crate. Lengthen the time as it becomes more comfortable and starts fussing less. Eventually, you should try leaving the house and stay away for short periods of time. Remember to only release the dog after it calms down.
Other Pointers
The crate should not just be used when you are at work. Leave it open any time you are home so your dog can use it as a true den. Also, be realistic about how long your dog can remain in the crate without having an accident. Dogs under the age of six months should never be left alone in the crate for more than four hours. Even dogs over that age should stay in the crate no more than eight hours. Dogs, like people, can only control their bladders and bowels for so long before an accident is bound to occur.
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