Sugar Diabetes in Dogs
Sugar diabetes, or diabetes mellitus, is the most common type of diabetes seen in dogs. Diabetes mellitus generally presents in middle-aged to senior dogs, with the peak age of occurrence between 7 and 9 years. Although both genders can contract diabetes mellitus, according to Dr. Leah Cohn in a PetPalace.com article, female dogs are 50 percent more likely to be affected than males. (ref 3)
Types
There are two types of diabetes mellitus. Type I occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin and occurs in 99 percent of all diabetes cases. Type II occurs when, although insulin production is adequate, your dog's body is not able to absorb it.
Cause
According to Pet Education, the exact cause of diabetes mellitus is unknown. However, it is thought that it may the result of an inherited genetic deficiency, an autoimmune disorder or a damaged pancreas.
Symptoms
Typically, the first signs of diabetes mellitus are excess thirst and urination. Other symptoms include weight loss despite an increased appetite, dehydration, lethargy, poor body and coat condition, and sudden blindness.
Diagnosis
Your veterinarian will perform a complete physical exam. She will most likely order extensive testing including a complete blood count (CBC), serum biochemical profile, urinalysis and abdominal x-rays or ultrasound, Cohn said.
Treatment
Your dog will require daily insulin injections. You will need to carefully manage his weight and diet, and make sure he gets plenty of exercise. Further, your veterinarian will regularly check your dog's blood and urine, adjusting his medication as needed.
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